Грамматические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите прилагательные с суффиксом –al и наречия с суффиксом –ly. Определите, от каких слов они образованы. Образуйте от прилагательных наречия с помощью суффикса –ly.

Упражнение 2. Переведите сложноподчиненные предложения, определите тип придаточного предложения.

1. As window openings are necessary for the building, the perimeter structure is weaker.

2. There are continuous reinforced concrete ribbed floors which are prestressed between anchorages.

3. They know that structural design was made by G.Covre.

4. The purpose, if tube-type systems are used, is to increase the plan area of the tube as much as possible.

5. Where a high-rise concrete frame of cast-in-place construction is used, it is natural to connect the frame with shear walls so that they interact with each other.

6. Non-loadbearing walls should be so designed and attached to the load-bearing structure of the building that they are not subjected to additional loads which they are not designed to take.

7. Framed buildings frequently have walls which increase structural rigidity.

8. Timber beams which rest on concrete ground beams support the cabins.

Упражнение 3. Работа в парах.

Студент C: Задайте 5 вопросов различных типов к тексту А.

Студент D: Ответьте на вопросы к тексту студента C.

Студенты C и D: Поменяйтесь ролями.

Текст B

JOLLY HOTEL, ROME

The structural design was made by G. Covre, M. Ferretti, Rome. The hotel has 170 bedrooms on seven upper floors. The building is divided into groups, each comprising from two to five bedrooms, arranged on both sides and at the ends of a central corridor.

The hotel has an irregular shape on plan with maximum overall dimensions 66.0 x 29.0 m. The height above ground level is 25.0 m.

The functional division of the building is clearly shown in its construction. In front of the glazed areas of the individual groups of rooms are columns, each consisting of two channel sections U 240, spaced at 10.35 and 6.90m centres and interconnected by facade beams comprising two channels U 450. Along the corridors there are internal columns HE 300 B with 600 mm deep welded longitudinal plate girders. I 450 cross beams span between the longitudinal girders and fascia beams in the two outer walls and I 600 beams in the bed­room walls. Stubs of the cross beams, whose top flanges are flush with the top flanges of the fascia beams, are welded to the fascia beams to serve as brackets to support the sun-screens and flower-boxes.

The floors consist of 6.5 cm deep steel sheet troughing with concrete cover of 60 cm, supported by secondary beams IPE 160 spaced at 1.76 m centres and spanning between the cross beams. The imposed load is 250 kg/m². Wind forces are transmitted through the floors to the reinforced concrete walls of the staircases and lift shafts.

Windows have wooden frames and plate glass with high degree of sound insula­tion. Spandrel panels, 80cm deep, are faced with safety glass.

Notes:

flower-box цветочный ящик

flush adj. заподлицо, вровень

plate glass листовое стекло

safety glass безосколочное стекло

sun-screen противосолнечный козырёк